Phototechnical and portrait examinations

Commission and conduction of phototechnical and portrait forensic examinations and expert researches.

Phototechnical examination
The main tasks of phototechnical examination are:
identification of the shooting equipment by negatives, as well as the equipment used for production of mute prints (magnifiers, film frames, polishers, etc.).
Approximate list of solvable issues:
Was the provided negative shot of this camera (film-shooting camera)?
Were shots from the provided negatives taken by the same camera?
What type (model) of a camera was used to take this photo (film, film shots)?
Was this photograph (photocopy of a microfilm) taken by the provided for research technical equipment (magnifier, film frame, etc.)?
Was a certain equipment used (photomagnifiers, photopolisher, cutter) during production of this photograph?
Identification of the negative by the positive 
Approximate list of solvable issues:
Was the provided -photograph or film document produced from this negative?
Were these t photographs taken from the same negative?
Were these photographs produced (originated) from the same primary image?
Identification of type (brand) of photographic and cinematographic materials that are used for shooting and production of photographs and films.
Approximate list of solvable issues:
What type (brand) of photographic (film strip and photo film) were used for production of this photo?
Does the film, used for production of this negative and film found in a particular person, (type, place of production and other characteristics) have common generic (group) affiliation?
Identification of objects, rooms and areas shown in pictures (negatives) and on video recordings.
Approximate list of solvable issues:
Is the same or another object (unit, rooms, area, etc.) fixed in these photographs (film shots, video recordings) which have been provided for the research?
Determination of provided for the research technological and technical characteristics of shooting and production of photos (film shots, video recordings) 
Approximate list of solvable issues:
What type of shooting was used for this photo? (natural, reproductive, combined)?
Was this photo produced using photomontage?
What type of camera lens was used for shooting of this object (standard, wide angle, long focus)?
What was the distance between the fixed in photo object and a camera?
Using what light (natural or artificial) was the shooting taken?
Was a photograph produced according to the technology of photographic processes?
Were any techniques (glossing, retouching ,colour modification) used for production a photo?
What is the date and time of production and time of its retouch?
Determination of size characteristics of images in photographs (film shots, video recordings) or on their negatives.
Approximate list of solvable issues:
What are the sizes of objects fixed in the photo?
What was the distance between two (several) depicted in the photo objects?
Approximate list of solvable issues: 
What picture was in the faded photo?
Peculiarities for commission phototechnical examination (extract from the instruction on the commission and conducting of judicial examinations and expert research)
18.3.Real photographs and video recording of this person.(amateur, professional as well as experimental) can be used as comparative materials .It is advisable to provide among comparative samples ones that are close to the researched sample according to time and angle of shooting.
18.4. Identification of a corpse is conducted by comparing a photograph of a corpse with life-time photographs. The full and half face photographs of the corpse are to be taken as well as from some other angles, as life-time photographs may not contain samples of full and half face photographs.
18.5. Experimental comparative samples are not to be retouched.
To conduct a portrait examination of a corpse before the shooting it is necessary to prepare them (To wash off from the face layers of dirt and blood, make a hairdo)
 

Phototechnical and portrait examinations

Commission and conduction of phototechnical and portrait forensic examinations and expert researches.

Phototechnical examination
The main tasks of phototechnical examination are:
identification of the shooting equipment by negatives, as well as the equipment used for production of mute prints (magnifiers, film frames, polishers, etc.).
Approximate list of solvable issues:
Was the provided negative shot of this camera (film-shooting camera)?
Were shots from the provided negatives taken by the same camera?
What type (model) of a camera was used to take this photo (film, film shots)?
Was this photograph (photocopy of a microfilm) taken by the provided for research technical equipment (magnifier, film frame, etc.)?
Was a certain equipment used (photomagnifiers, photopolisher, cutter) during production of this photograph?
Identification of the negative by the positive 
Approximate list of solvable issues:
Was the provided -photograph or film document produced from this negative?
Were these t photographs taken from the same negative?
Were these photographs produced (originated) from the same primary image?
Identification of type (brand) of photographic and cinematographic materials that are used for shooting and production of photographs and films.
Approximate list of solvable issues:
What type (brand) of photographic (film strip and photo film) were used for production of this photo?
Does the film, used for production of this negative and film found in a particular person, (type, place of production and other characteristics) have common generic (group) affiliation?
Identification of objects, rooms and areas shown in pictures (negatives) and on video recordings.
Approximate list of solvable issues:
Is the same or another object (unit, rooms, area, etc.) fixed in these photographs (film shots, video recordings) which have been provided for the research?
Determination of provided for the research technological and technical characteristics of shooting and production of photos (film shots, video recordings) 
Approximate list of solvable issues:
What type of shooting was used for this photo? (natural, reproductive, combined)?
Was this photo produced using photomontage?
What type of camera lens was used for shooting of this object (standard, wide angle, long focus)?
What was the distance between the fixed in photo object and a camera?
Using what light (natural or artificial) was the shooting taken?
Was a photograph produced according to the technology of photographic processes?
Were any techniques (glossing, retouching ,colour modification) used for production a photo?
What is the date and time of production and time of its retouch?
Determination of size characteristics of images in photographs (film shots, video recordings) or on their negatives.
Approximate list of solvable issues:
What are the sizes of objects fixed in the photo?
What was the distance between two (several) depicted in the photo objects?
Approximate list of solvable issues: 
What picture was in the faded photo?
Peculiarities for commission phototechnical examination (extract from the instruction on the commission and conducting of judicial examinations and expert research)
18.3.Real photographs and video recording of this person.(amateur, professional as well as experimental) can be used as comparative materials .It is advisable to provide among comparative samples ones that are close to the researched sample according to time and angle of shooting.
18.4. Identification of a corpse is conducted by comparing a photograph of a corpse with life-time photographs. The full and half face photographs of the corpse are to be taken as well as from some other angles, as life-time photographs may not contain samples of full and half face photographs.
18.5. Experimental comparative samples are not to be retouched.
To conduct a portrait examination of a corpse before the shooting it is necessary to prepare them (To wash off from the face layers of dirt and blood, make a hairdo)